Glossary

Applied or scientific research data 

As defined in the 2 CFR 200.315(e)(3): “the recorded factual material commonly accepted in the scientific community as necessary to validate research findings.” Such datasets might include information from archaeological and ethnographic fieldwork, laboratory experiments, linguistic analysis, or other quantitative or qualitative studies with an emphasis on reliability and reproducibility. 

Article processing charge 

A fee charged by a scholarly publisher to make a final published article or version of record publicly available. Intended to offset any loss in subscription revenue, this might also be called an APC, article publishing charge, open access fee, etc. Depending on the publisher, fees may range from about $300 to $3,000 or more. Note that many open access journals do not charge fees.

Author’s accepted manuscript 

Author’s manuscript of a peer-reviewed paper accepted for journal publication, including modifications from the peer-review process but excluding final publisher formatting. 

Data management and sharing plan 

A proposal component required by a growing number of NEH programs that asks applicants to detail how research data will be collected, stored, disseminated, and preserved long-term. A DMSP should address not only technical issues, but also research ethics, intellectual property, etc.

Designated Repository 

A web-accessible database, selected by NEH, for storing public access copies of NEH-funded, peer-reviewed journal articles. NEH’s designated repository, NEH Commons, will be hosted by Knowledge Commons Works. 

FAIR and CARE Data Governance Principles 

FAIR is a set of principles created by an international group of scientists and other organizations that aims to ensure that data can be found and easily re-used by others. It stands for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable. CARE is a second set of principles, developed by the Global Indigenous Data Alliance (GIDA), to establish best practices for governance of data owned or created by Indigenous peoples. 

Final published article (“version of record”) 

Publisher’s authoritative copy of the paper, including all modifications from the publishing and peer-review process, copyediting, stylistic edits, and formatting changes. 

NEH Commons 

The designated repository where all NEH-funded scholarly journal articles will be preserved and accessible to the public. NEH will work with the repository manager, Knowledge Commons, to move articles from the eGMS Reach system to NEH Commons as their long-term home.

Peer review 

Any process by which qualified scholarly, professional, or community experts evaluate a manuscript and provide feedback in addition to that provided by a journal editor.

Final published article (“version of record”) 

Publisher’s authoritative copy of the paper, including all modifications from the publishing and peer-review process, copyediting, stylistic edits, and formatting changes.